Green pheasant (Phasianus versicolor) is native to Japan, and introduced to Hawaii. This is found in both broad leaf and conifer forests. (Some scientists place this as a subspecies of the common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). Although this species is similar to the common pheasant, the green breast and green upper back give this a very distinctive appearance.

Mark Brazil noted in 1991 that the introduced common pheasant bred with the green pheasant, but produced a first generation of low fertility and the introduction failed. This note implies that the green pheasant should retain its full species status. Mark Brazil also notes that 400,000 per year were taken in the 1920s, and that as late as 1946, 486,000 were taken. There are now (1991) captive breeding programs in Japan, and annual harvests of 500,000 are now typical with only about 100,000 released per year.

Mark Brazil notes that there are several recognized subspecies of the green pheasant found on different islands in Japan. Clements in 2003 listed four subspecies. These are found on Sado, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and some nearby Japanese islands. (It appears all four subspecies are represented on Honshu!)

The specific subspecies ranges are as follows: Per Howard and Moore in 2003: The nominate form is found in extreme western Honshu and Kyushu. The subspecies robustipes in found in NW Honshu and Sado. The subspecies tanensis is found in southern Honshu and south into the islands and Kyushu.

The subspecies per Clements in 2007 are: The nominate subspecies is found in southwestern Honshu and Kyushi. The subspecies tanensis is found in central Honshu and the Izu Islands. The subspecies robustipes is found in northwestern Honshu and Sado Island.

The Phasianus genus contains two species both native to Eurasia. The very common, widespread, and widely introduced common pheasant, Phasianus colchicus, with about 30 subspecies is included herein. The Japanese green pheasant, Phasianus versicolor, with four subspecies is also included herein.

Pheasant (sub)family (Family Phasianidae) contains the true pheasants, chickens, and peafowls. (Different authors treat this and related groups differently. Some place everything in the family Phasianidae, and others divide the family Phasianidae into several different families. Herein we treat the pheasants, quails, grouse, and partridges as separate families.) Herein we treat the pheasants, quails, grouse, and partridges as separate families.) We have counted 51 species and another 5 additional subspecies of true pheasants. With a few exceptions the vast majority of the true pheasants are native to eastern Asia and south into Southeast Asia.

Included in this group of some of the largest and most beautiful exotic birds known. Many species are ground dwellers and run from danger as opposed to taking flight. Many species are sought by amateur and professional hunters.

Fowl group (Galliformes order) contains the various chickens and turkey-like birds of the world. There are about 240 different species of fowl known. Many of the wild species are endangered. Several species such as the domesticated chicken and turkey are main food sources in the world. Most fowl are grain eaters and spend a good portion of their life searching for food on the ground. Select species have been domesticated for their beauty and/or edibility, others are considered good game birds.

Aves contains about 8,650 different species of living birds known to science. Each year about one new species is discovered in some remote rain forest or remote island. In addition, scientists have been raising many subspecies to full species status which may raise the species count to 10,000. Birdlife recognizes 10,027 species as of 2011.

However, each year about one species goes extinct. The rate of extinction is increasing, and the rate of new discovery is decreasing, so that the number of bird species will soon begin to decline rapidly. Although different taxonomists would organize the birds differently, there are approximately twenty-seven orders of birds. These orders are broken down into about one hundred and fifty-five different families.

Recent research of the genetic structure of some of the shore birds and owls would indicate that the present organization of orders and families should have some modification.

The birds are a worldwide group of animals that are characterized by having the front limbs modified into wings that are used for flying. Perhaps the most unique feature of the birds is the feathers. These feathers are made up of a central support called a quill and a series of small filaments that are hooked together as barbs.

For many years it was believed that Archaeopteryx discovered in Bavaria was the oldest bird from about 150 million years ago. However, in l986, Sankar Chattterjee, a Texas paleontologist, reportedly discovered a bird in the genus Protoavis that lived about 225 million years ago.

When this project was begun in 1978, we used Austin & Singer for bird taxonomy. Since then, we have adopted many changes, but have kept some older concepts that are still found widely in the literature. Recently, we have used Clements and Howard & Moore. Very recently, we have used Monroe and Sibley for the higher taxonomy of the perching birds.

Backboned Animals (Phylum Chordata) are the most advanced group of animals on earth. These animals are characterized by having a spinal cord or backbone. Most members have a clearly defined brain that controls the organism through a spinal cord. Fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are in this phylum.

Currently, some taxonomists believe that the fish should be divided into two groups (sharks and regular fishes) and that there are some other primitive groups in the phylum such as hagfish or lampreys.

Animal Kingdom contains numerous organisms that feed on other animals or plants. Included in the animal kingdom are the lower marine invertebrates such as sponges and corals, the jointed legged animals such as insects and spiders, and the backboned animals such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

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